Active Record supports multiple database systems. AbstractAdapter and related classes form the abstraction layer which makes this possible. An AbstractAdapter represents a connection to a database, and provides an abstract interface for database-specific functionality such as establishing a connection, escaping values, building the right SQL fragments for ':offset' and ':limit' options, etc.

All the concrete database adapters follow the interface laid down in this class. ActiveRecord::Base.connection returns an AbstractAdapter object, which you can use.

Most of the methods in the adapter are useful during migrations. Most notably, the instance methods provided by SchemaStatement are very useful.

Namespace
Methods
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Included Modules
Constants
ADAPTER_NAME = 'Abstract'.freeze
 
SIMPLE_INT = /\A\d+\z/
 
Attributes
[R] in_use?
[R] logger
[R] owner
[RW] pool
[R] prepared_statements
[R] schema_cache
[RW] visitor
Class Public methods
type_cast_config_to_boolean(config)

Source: show | on GitHub 

# File activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract_adapter.rb, line 91
def self.type_cast_config_to_boolean(config)
  if config == "false"
    false
  else
    config
  end
end
type_cast_config_to_integer(config)

Source: show | on GitHub 

# File activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract_adapter.rb, line 83
def self.type_cast_config_to_integer(config)
  if config =~ SIMPLE_INT
    config.to_i
  else
    config
  end
end
Instance Public methods
active?()

Checks whether the connection to the database is still active. This includes checking whether the database is actually capable of responding, i.e. whether the connection isn't stale.

Source: show | on GitHub 

# File activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract_adapter.rb, line 284
def active?
end
adapter_name()

Returns the human-readable name of the adapter. Use mixed case - one can always use downcase if needed.

Source: show | on GitHub 

# File activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract_adapter.rb, line 168
def adapter_name
  self.class::ADAPTER_NAME
end
case_insensitive_comparison(table, attribute, column, value)

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# File activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract_adapter.rb, line 357
def case_insensitive_comparison(table, attribute, column, value)
  table[attribute].lower.eq(table.lower(value))
end
case_sensitive_comparison(table, attribute, column, value)

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# File activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract_adapter.rb, line 351
def case_sensitive_comparison(table, attribute, column, value)
  table_attr = table[attribute]
  value = case_sensitive_modifier(value, table_attr) unless value.nil?
  table_attr.eq(value)
end
case_sensitive_modifier(node, table_attribute)

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# File activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract_adapter.rb, line 347
def case_sensitive_modifier(node, table_attribute)
  node
end
clear_cache!()

Clear any caching the database adapter may be doing, for example clearing the prepared statement cache. This is database specific.

Source: show | on GitHub 

# File activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract_adapter.rb, line 315
def clear_cache!
  # this should be overridden by concrete adapters
end
close()

Check the connection back in to the connection pool

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# File activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract_adapter.rb, line 366
def close
  pool.checkin self
end
collector()

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# File activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract_adapter.rb, line 126
def collector
  if prepared_statements
    SQLString.new
  else
    BindCollector.new
  end
end
create_savepoint(name = nil)

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# File activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract_adapter.rb, line 341
def create_savepoint(name = nil)
end
current_savepoint_name()

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# File activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract_adapter.rb, line 361
def current_savepoint_name
  current_transaction.savepoint_name
end
disable_extension(name)

This is meant to be implemented by the adapters that support extensions

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# File activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract_adapter.rb, line 247
def disable_extension(name)
end
disable_referential_integrity()

Override to turn off referential integrity while executing &block.

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# File activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract_adapter.rb, line 275
def disable_referential_integrity
  yield
end
disconnect!()

Disconnects from the database if already connected. Otherwise, this method does nothing.

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# File activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract_adapter.rb, line 297
def disconnect!
  clear_cache!
  reset_transaction
end
enable_extension(name)

This is meant to be implemented by the adapters that support extensions

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# File activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract_adapter.rb, line 251
def enable_extension(name)
end
expire()

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# File activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract_adapter.rb, line 155
def expire
  @owner = nil
end
extensions()

A list of extensions, to be filled in by adapters that support them.

Source: show | on GitHub 

# File activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract_adapter.rb, line 255
def extensions
  []
end
index_algorithms()

A list of index algorithms, to be filled by adapters that support them.

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# File activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract_adapter.rb, line 260
def index_algorithms
  {}
end
lease()

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# File activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract_adapter.rb, line 142
def lease
  synchronize do
    unless in_use?
      @owner = Thread.current
    end
  end
end
new_column(name, default, cast_type, sql_type = nil, null = true)

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# File activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract_adapter.rb, line 376
def new_column(name, default, cast_type, sql_type = nil, null = true)
  Column.new(name, default, cast_type, sql_type, null)
end
prefetch_primary_key?(table_name = nil)

Should primary key values be selected from their corresponding sequence before the insert statement? If true, next_sequence_value is called before each insert to set the record's primary key.

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# File activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract_adapter.rb, line 201
def prefetch_primary_key?(table_name = nil)
  false
end
raw_connection()

Provides access to the underlying database driver for this adapter. For example, this method returns a Mysql object in case of MysqlAdapter, and a PGconn object in case of PostgreSQLAdapter.

This is useful for when you need to call a proprietary method such as PostgreSQL's lo_* methods.

Source: show | on GitHub 

# File activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract_adapter.rb, line 337
def raw_connection
  @connection
end
reconnect!()

Disconnects from the database if already connected, and establishes a new connection with the database. Implementors should call super if they override the default implementation.

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# File activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract_adapter.rb, line 290
def reconnect!
  clear_cache!
  reset_transaction
end
release_savepoint(name = nil)

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# File activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract_adapter.rb, line 344
def release_savepoint(name = nil)
end
requires_reloading?()

Returns true if its required to reload the connection between requests for development mode.

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# File activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract_adapter.rb, line 320
def requires_reloading?
  false
end
reset!()

Reset the state of this connection, directing the DBMS to clear transactions and other connection-related server-side state. Usually a database-dependent operation.

The default implementation does nothing; the implementation should be overridden by concrete adapters.

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# File activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract_adapter.rb, line 308
def reset!
  # this should be overridden by concrete adapters
end
schema_cache=(cache)

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# File activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract_adapter.rb, line 150
def schema_cache=(cache)
  cache.connection = self
  @schema_cache = cache
end
schema_creation()

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# File activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract_adapter.rb, line 138
def schema_creation
  SchemaCreation.new self
end
substitute_at(column, _unused = 0)

Returns a bind substitution value given a bind column NOTE: The column param is currently being used by the sqlserver-adapter

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# File activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract_adapter.rb, line 268
def substitute_at(column, _unused = 0)
  Arel::Nodes::BindParam.new
end
supports_bulk_alter?()

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# File activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract_adapter.rb, line 189
def supports_bulk_alter?
  false
end
supports_ddl_transactions?()

Does this adapter support DDL rollbacks in transactions? That is, would CREATE TABLE or ALTER TABLE get rolled back by a transaction?

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# File activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract_adapter.rb, line 185
def supports_ddl_transactions?
  false
end
supports_explain?()

Does this adapter support explain?

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# File activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract_adapter.rb, line 216
def supports_explain?
  false
end
supports_extensions?()

Does this adapter support database extensions?

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# File activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract_adapter.rb, line 226
def supports_extensions?
  false
end
supports_foreign_keys?()

Does this adapter support creating foreign key constraints?

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# File activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract_adapter.rb, line 237
def supports_foreign_keys?
  false
end
supports_index_sort_order?()

Does this adapter support index sort order?

Source: show | on GitHub 

# File activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract_adapter.rb, line 206
def supports_index_sort_order?
  false
end
supports_indexes_in_create?()

Does this adapter support creating indexes in the same statement as creating the table?

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# File activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract_adapter.rb, line 232
def supports_indexes_in_create?
  false
end
supports_migrations?()

Does this adapter support migrations?

Source: show | on GitHub 

# File activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract_adapter.rb, line 173
def supports_migrations?
  false
end
supports_partial_index?()

Does this adapter support partial indices?

Source: show | on GitHub 

# File activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract_adapter.rb, line 211
def supports_partial_index?
  false
end
supports_primary_key?()

Can this adapter determine the primary key for tables not attached to an Active Record class, such as join tables?

Source: show | on GitHub 

# File activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract_adapter.rb, line 179
def supports_primary_key?
  false
end
supports_savepoints?()

Does this adapter support savepoints?

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# File activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract_adapter.rb, line 194
def supports_savepoints?
  false
end
supports_transaction_isolation?()

Does this adapter support setting the isolation level for a transaction?

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# File activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract_adapter.rb, line 221
def supports_transaction_isolation?
  false
end
supports_views?()

Does this adapter support views?

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# File activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract_adapter.rb, line 242
def supports_views?
  false
end
unprepared_statement()

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# File activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract_adapter.rb, line 159
def unprepared_statement
  old_prepared_statements, @prepared_statements = @prepared_statements, false
  yield
ensure
  @prepared_statements = old_prepared_statements
end
valid_type?(type)

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# File activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract_adapter.rb, line 134
def valid_type?(type)
  true
end
verify!(*ignored)

Checks whether the connection to the database is still active (i.e. not stale). This is done under the hood by calling active?. If the connection is no longer active, then this method will reconnect to the database.

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# File activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract_adapter.rb, line 327
def verify!(*ignored)
  reconnect! unless active?
end
Instance Protected methods
log(sql, name = "SQL", binds = [], statement_name = nil)

Source: show | on GitHub 

# File activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract_adapter.rb, line 465
def log(sql, name = "SQL", binds = [], statement_name = nil)
  @instrumenter.instrument(
    "sql.active_record",
    :sql            => sql,
    :name           => name,
    :connection_id  => object_id,
    :statement_name => statement_name,
    :binds          => binds) { yield }
rescue => e
  raise translate_exception_class(e, sql)
end
translate_exception(exception, message)

Source: show | on GitHub 

# File activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract_adapter.rb, line 477
def translate_exception(exception, message)
  # override in derived class
  ActiveRecord::StatementInvalid.new(message, exception)
end
translate_exception_class(e, sql)

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# File activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract_adapter.rb, line 453
def translate_exception_class(e, sql)
  begin
    message = "#{e.class.name}: #{e.message}: #{sql}"
  rescue Encoding::CompatibilityError
    message = "#{e.class.name}: #{e.message.force_encoding sql.encoding}: #{sql}"
  end

  exception = translate_exception(e, message)
  exception.set_backtrace e.backtrace
  exception
end
without_prepared_statement?(binds)

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# File activerecord/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract_adapter.rb, line 482
def without_prepared_statement?(binds)
  !prepared_statements || binds.empty?
end