MessageEncryptor is a simple way to encrypt values which get stored somewhere you don't trust.

The cipher text and initialization vector are base64 encoded and returned to you.

This can be used in situations similar to the MessageVerifier, but where you don't want users to be able to determine the value of the payload.

salt  = SecureRandom.random_bytes(64)
key   = ActiveSupport::KeyGenerator.new('password').generate_key(salt, 32) # => "\x89\xE0\x156\xAC..."
crypt = ActiveSupport::MessageEncryptor.new(key)                           # => #<ActiveSupport::MessageEncryptor ...>
encrypted_data = crypt.encrypt_and_sign('my secret data')                  # => "NlFBTTMwOUV5UlA1QlNEN2xkY2d6eThYWWh..."
crypt.decrypt_and_verify(encrypted_data)                                   # => "my secret data"
Namespace
Methods
D
E
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Constants
DEFAULT_CIPHER = "aes-256-cbc"
 
OpenSSLCipherError = OpenSSL::Cipher::CipherError
 
Class Public methods
key_len(cipher = DEFAULT_CIPHER)

Given a cipher, returns the key length of the cipher to help generate the key of desired size

Source: show | on GitHub 

# File activesupport/lib/active_support/message_encryptor.rb, line 88
def self.key_len(cipher = DEFAULT_CIPHER)
  OpenSSL::Cipher.new(cipher).key_len
end
new(secret, *signature_key_or_options)

Initialize a new MessageEncryptor. secret must be at least as long as the cipher key size. For the default 'aes-256-cbc' cipher, this is 256 bits. If you are using a user-entered secret, you can generate a suitable key by using ActiveSupport::KeyGenerator or a similar key derivation function.

First additional parameter is used as the signature key for MessageVerifier. This allows you to specify keys to encrypt and sign data.

ActiveSupport::MessageEncryptor.new('secret', 'signature_secret')

Options:

  • :cipher - Cipher to use. Can be any cipher returned by OpenSSL::Cipher.ciphers. Default is 'aes-256-cbc'.

  • :digest - String of digest to use for signing. Default is SHA1. Ignored when using an AEAD cipher like 'aes-256-gcm'.

  • :serializer - Object serializer to use. Default is Marshal.

Source: show | on GitHub 

# File activesupport/lib/active_support/message_encryptor.rb, line 64
def initialize(secret, *signature_key_or_options)
  options = signature_key_or_options.extract_options!
  sign_secret = signature_key_or_options.first
  @secret = secret
  @sign_secret = sign_secret
  @cipher = options[:cipher] || DEFAULT_CIPHER
  @digest = options[:digest] || "SHA1" unless aead_mode?
  @verifier = resolve_verifier
  @serializer = options[:serializer] || Marshal
end
Instance Public methods
decrypt_and_verify(value)

Decrypt and verify a message. We need to verify the message in order to avoid padding attacks. Reference: www.limited-entropy.com/padding-oracle-attacks.

Source: show | on GitHub 

# File activesupport/lib/active_support/message_encryptor.rb, line 83
def decrypt_and_verify(value)
  _decrypt(verifier.verify(value))
end
encrypt_and_sign(value)

Encrypt and sign a message. We need to sign the message in order to avoid padding attacks. Reference: www.limited-entropy.com/padding-oracle-attacks.

Source: show | on GitHub 

# File activesupport/lib/active_support/message_encryptor.rb, line 77
def encrypt_and_sign(value)
  verifier.generate(_encrypt(value))
end